Tau24A phosphorylation.      Download


AI Overview (Google's Gemini, March 26, 2026)

Yes, multiple phosphate (PO4) molecules can bind within the same functional regions or "pockets" of the tau protein, particularly in cases of hyperphosphorylation associated with Alzheimer’s disease.

• Clustered Phosphorylation Sites: Tau is an intrinsically disordered protein (IDP) with about 85 potential phosphorylation sites. These sites are heavily clustered in the proline-rich region (residues 172-251) and the C-terminal tail (residues 368-441), which flank the microtubule-binding repeats. This high density means multiple phosphate groups often populate these regions simultaneously.
• Binding Pocket Overlap: In the pathological, "hyperphosphorylated" state, the balance of kinases and phosphatases is disrupted, leading to the accumulation of many phosphate groups on a single tau molecule.
• Specific Examples: Research shows that in Alzheimer’s diseased brains, hyperphosphorylated tau often has 5–9 phosphorylation sites modified, compared to only 2–3 in healthy adults.
• Effect of Multiple Phosphates: The binding of multiple phosphates acts cumulatively. As more phosphate groups bind to tau, they remove the positive charge of the microtubule-binding region (MTBR), causing the tau protein to lose its affinity for microtubules, leading to aggregation.
• Cooperative Binding: Phosphorylation at one site can sometimes prime or enhance phosphorylation at nearby sites within the same binding domain, facilitating the clustering of multiple phosphates.

In summary, the high concentration of potential sites in specific domains makes it likely that multiple phosphate groups reside in the same or closely positioned areas, directly causing the conformational changes that lead to pathology.

Order of binding	Receptor	Ligand	Affinity	Pocket ID	Residues that formed the binding pocket	Presence of SER, THR, TYR
1	Tau24A	PO4	-3.077	receptor_Tau24A_11	GLN-605 SER-606 CYS-608 GLY-609 SER-610 LYS-611 ASP-612	SER-606 SER-610
2	Tau24A	PO4	-3.01	receptor_Tau24A_20	ALA-701 THR-703 ASP-704 HIS-705 ALA-707 ILE-709	THR-703
3	Tau24A	PO4	-2.98	receptor_Tau24A_22	VAL-667 GLN-668 SER-669 ILE-671 GLY-672 SER-673 LEU-674 ASP-675	SER-669 SER-673
4	Tau24A	PO4	-2.706	receptor_Tau24A_9	VAL-269 ASP-270 PHE-271 LEU-272 SER-273 LYS-274	SER-273
5	Tau24A	PO4	-2.616	receptor_Tau24A_9	VAL-269 ASP-270 PHE-271 LEU-272 SER-273 LYS-274	SER-273
6	Tau24A	PO4	-2.596	receptor_Tau24A_18	ARG-696 GLU-697 ALA-699 LYS-700 ALA-701 ILE-709 TYR-711	TYR-711
7	Tau24A	PO4	-2.541	receptor_Tau24A_18	ARG-696 GLU-697 ALA-699 LYS-700 ALA-701 ILE-709 TYR-711	TYR-711
8	Tau24A	PO4	-2.897	receptor_Tau24A_20	ALA-701 THR-703 ASP-704 HIS-705 ALA-707 ILE-709	THR-703
9	Tau24A	PO4	-2.845	receptor_Tau24A_18	ARG-696 GLU-697 ALA-699 LYS-700 ALA-701 ILE-709 TYR-711	TYR-711