Tau15C phosphorylation.      Download


AI Overview (Google's Gemini, March 26, 2026)

Yes, multiple phosphate (PO4) molecules can bind within the same functional regions or "pockets" of the tau protein, particularly in cases of hyperphosphorylation associated with Alzheimer’s disease.

• Clustered Phosphorylation Sites: Tau is an intrinsically disordered protein (IDP) with about 85 potential phosphorylation sites. These sites are heavily clustered in the proline-rich region (residues 172-251) and the C-terminal tail (residues 368-441), which flank the microtubule-binding repeats. This high density means multiple phosphate groups often populate these regions simultaneously.
• Binding Pocket Overlap: In the pathological, "hyperphosphorylated" state, the balance of kinases and phosphatases is disrupted, leading to the accumulation of many phosphate groups on a single tau molecule.
• Specific Examples: Research shows that in Alzheimer’s diseased brains, hyperphosphorylated tau often has 5–9 phosphorylation sites modified, compared to only 2–3 in healthy adults.
• Effect of Multiple Phosphates: The binding of multiple phosphates acts cumulatively. As more phosphate groups bind to tau, they remove the positive charge of the microtubule-binding region (MTBR), causing the tau protein to lose its affinity for microtubules, leading to aggregation.
• Cooperative Binding: Phosphorylation at one site can sometimes prime or enhance phosphorylation at nearby sites within the same binding domain, facilitating the clustering of multiple phosphates.

In summary, the high concentration of potential sites in specific domains makes it likely that multiple phosphate groups reside in the same or closely positioned areas, directly causing the conformational changes that lead to pathology.

Order of binding	Receptor	Ligand	Affinity	Pocket ID	Residues that formed the binding pocket	Presence of SER, THR, TYR
1	Tau15C	PO4	-3.033	receptor_Tau15C_4	VAL-604 GLN-605 SER-606 CYS-608 GLY-609 SER-610 LYS-611 ASP-612	SER-606 SER-610
2	Tau15C	PO4	-2.813	receptor_Tau15C_2	ALA-701 THR-703 ASP-704 HIS-705 GLY-706 ALA-707 GLU-708	THR-703
3	Tau15C	PO4	-2.67	receptor_Tau15C_13	ASP-270 PHE-271 LEU-272 SER-273	SER-273
4	Tau15C	PO4	-2.482	receptor_Tau15C_1	LEU-693 THR-694 PHE-695 ASN-698 ALA-699	THR-694
5	Tau15C	PO4	-2.465	receptor_Tau15C_9	LYS-660 LEU-661 ASP-662 ASP-665 ARG-666
6	Tau15C	PO4	-2.453	receptor_Tau15C_14	VAL-667 GLN-668 SER-669 GLY-672 SER-673 LEU-674 ASP-675	SER-669 SER-673
7	Tau15C	PO4	-2.405	receptor_Tau15C_12	VAL-635 THR-636 SER-637 GLY-640 SER-641 LEU-642	THR-636 SER-637 SER-641
8	Tau15C	PO4	-2.245	receptor_Tau15C_4	VAL-604 GLN-605 SER-606 CYS-608 GLY-609 SER-610 LYS-611 ASP-612	SER-606 SER-610
9	Tau15C	PO4	-2.473	receptor_Tau15C_4	VAL-604 GLN-605 SER-606 CYS-608 GLY-609 SER-610 LYS-611 ASP-612	SER-606 SER-610